Because ergosterol directly promotes the growth of fungal cells in a hormone‐like fashion, rapid onset of the above events leads to dose-dependent inhibition of fungal growth 2.
If ergosterol synthesis is either completely or partially inhibited, the cell is no longer able to construct an intact and functional cell membrane 12, 13. Clotrimazole causes inhibition of ergosterol biosynthesis, an essential constituent of fungal cell membranes. Mechanism of actionĬlotrimazole acts primarily by damaging the permeability barrier in the cell membrane of fungi. Unfortunately, resistance to clotrimazole, which was rare in the past, is now common in various patient populations 2.Ĭlotrimazole is generally considered to be a fungistatic, and not a fungicidal drug, although this contrast is not absolute, as clotrimazole shows fungicidal properties at higher concentrations 2. The action of clotrimazole is fungistatic at concentrations of drug up to 20 mcg/mL and may be fungicidal in vitro against Candida albicans and other species of the genus Candida at higher concentrations Label. Troche preparations are not indicated for the treatment of any systemic mycoses Label.Ĭlotrimazole is a broad-spectrum antifungal agent that inhibits the growth of pathogenic yeasts by changing the permeability of cell membranes. It is also indicated as a prophylactic drug to reduce the incidence of oropharyngeal candidiasis in patients immunocompromised by conditions such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or steroid therapy utilized in the treatment of leukemia, solid tumors, or renal transplantation Label. The oral troche preparation is indicated for the local treatment of oropharyngeal candidiasis Label. In some preparations, clotrimazole may be combined with betamethasone dipropionate, a corticosteroid 15.
Tinea versicolor due to Malassezia furfur Tinea pedis, tinea cruris, and tinea corporis due to Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Epidermophyton floccosum Clotrimazole topical cream is indicated for the topical treatment of the following dermal infections 12, 15:
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